Tim I just tested this. Unfortunately it doesn't. Which is very strange to me, a payment is a payment. This would be the way to avoid the USD->EUR processing problem, you can simply let them pay with Apple Pay and the issuing bank will convert it to EUR on the sender side - not your problem. Bunq, however, completely blocked cards outside of the EU. Very strange move and for me that instantly makes it useless. :(
Oh well, maybe in the future they'll fix it.